Info about Cato The Younger. His epithet "the Younger" distinguishes him from his great-grandfather, Cato the Elder. Silo demanded an answer from him and, seeing no response, took Cato and hung him by the feet out of the window. Caesar responded by having Cato dragged out by lictors while Cato was making a speech against him at the rostra. I’m Not There: Cato the Younger in the Writings of Tacitus In the spring of 46 B.C.E., Julius Caesar (100–44 B.C.E.) The first was to enact his foreign policy ideals, which, as expressed in a letter to Cicero, called for a policy of "mildness" and "uprightness" for governors of Roman-controlled territories. Plutarch also tells a story about Cato's peers' immense respect for him, even at a young age, during the Roman ritual military game, called "Troy," in which all aristocratic teenagers participated as a sort of "coming of age" ceremony, involving a mock battle with wooden weapons performed on horseback. Pompey had blocked all previous attempts at ordering Caesar back to Rome but had grown concerned with Caesar's growing political influence and popularity with the plebs. In Rome’s Last Citizen: The Life and Legacy of Cato, Caesar’s Mortal Enemy, authors Rob Goodman and Jimmy Soni underscore Cato’s implacable resistance: It had been an unprecedented year of obstruction and deadlock, all spearheaded by Cato. A “welfare-warfare” state was putting down deep roots as Cato grew up. Caesar crossed the Rubicon accompanied by the XIII Legion to take power from the senate in the same way that Sulla had done in the past. He is portrayed as a stubborn alcoholic with strong moral values, though he is prepared to transgress these beliefs if it means the destruction of his mortal enemy, Caesar. When one of the adult organisers "appointed two leaders for them, the boys accepted one of them for his mother's sake (he was a son of Metella, Sulla's wife), but would not tolerate the other, who was a nephew of Pompey, named Sextus, and refused to rehearse under him or obey him. Marcus Porcius Cato Uticensis (95-46 B.C. First, in 62 BC, Pompey returned from his Asian campaign with two ambitions: to celebrate a Triumph and to become consul for the second time. By her, he had a son, Marcus Porcius Cato, and a daughter, Porcia, who would become the second wife of Marcus Junius Brutus. Translated by John Dryden The Comparison of Alcibiades with Coriolanus Written 75 A.C.E. His suicide was seen as a symbol for those who followed the conservative, Optimate principles of the traditional Roman. Cato's high moral standards and incorruptible virtue gained hi… In Canto I, Dante writes of Cato: He is one of the two pagans presented by Dante as saved souls encountered in Purgatorio, the other being Statius (Cantos XX-XXII). He immediately went to see him but was unable to arrive before his brother died. The American republic needs more leaders like ancient Rome’s Cato the Younger, not its dictator Julius Caesar. Many of the Optimates at this time had been Sulla's personal friends, whom Cato had despised since his youth, yet Cato attempted to make his name by returning his faction to its pure republican roots. The statue was begun by Jean-Baptiste Roman (Paris, 1792 - 1835) using white Carrara marble. He thought about every unexpected event, even to tying ropes to the coffers with a big piece of cork on the other end, so they could be located in the event of a shipwreck. While Cato was in service in Macedon, he received the news that his beloved brother Caepio, from whom he was nearly inseparable, was dying in Thrace. Cato took the paper from his hands and read it, discovering that it was a love letter from Caesar's mistress Servilia, Cato's half-sister. So in April 46 BC in Utica, using his own sword to do the deed, Cato committed suicide rather than live under the thumb of the man whose power lust was about to extinguish the old republic. George Washington ordered it performed for his bedraggled troops at Valley Forge during the awful winter of 1777–78. Whilst one might argue that heaping posthumous praise on Cato highlights one's opposition to the new shape of Rome without directly challenging Augustus, it was actually later generations who were more able to embrace the role model of Cato without the fear of prosecution. In Mary Shelley's Frankenstein Clerval, in an attempt to comfort his friend dismayed over the recent news of his young brother William's murder, remarks to Frankenstein that, "even Cato wept over the dead body of his brother.". One should, however, consider which of these men Sallust found the more appealing. Cato's political and personal differences with Caesar appear to date from this time. Cato was featured in the BBC docudrama Ancient Rome: The Rise and Fall of an Empire. Lawrence W. Reed is FEE's President Emeritus, Humphreys Family Senior Fellow, and Ron Manners Global Ambassador for Liberty, having served for nearly 11 years as FEE’s president (2008-2019). Cato's stubbornness began in his early years. [11], Plutarch wrote that, on hearing of his death in Utica, Caesar commented, "Cato, I grudge you your death, as you would have grudged me the preservation of your life. In 184, Cato became censor; afterwards, he became a most authoritative presence in the Senate and remained active until the year of his death (149 BCE). Lucius Sergius Catilina, a noble patrician, led a rebellion against the state, raising an army in Etruria. Use Entities Finder to find relationships between entities, things, concepts and people. A story told by Plutarch tells of Quintus Poppaedius Silo, leader of the Marsi and involved in controversial business in the Roman Forum, who made a visit to his friend Marcus Livius and met the children of the house. Caesar made numerous attempts to negotiate, at one point even conceding to give up all but one of his provinces and legions, allowing him to retain his immunity while diminishing his authority. In 49 BC, Cato called for the senate to formally relieve Caesar of his proconsular command, which he viewed as having expired, and to order Caesar's return to Rome as a civilian and thus without proconsular legal immunity. By the time of Cato’s birth in 95 BC, the Roman Republic was long in the tooth. He first won election to public office (to the post of quaestor, supervising financial and budgetary matters for the state) in 65 BC and quickly earned a reputation as scrupulously meticulous and uncompromisingly honest. The syndicate's winning bid was far greater than the syndicate was able to recoup through the tax collection. Due to Pompey's enormous popularity, the senate was willing to oblige Pompey at first, but Cato intervened and convinced the senate to force Pompey to choose. Try it now, it is free! Many ancient people attempted this demanding lifestyle but fell short. Cato the Younger was one of history’s early libertarians. He is not "in" Purgatory, but on the shores of "The High Mount," or part of ante-purgatory. 9.1", "denarius") All Search Options [view abbreviations] Home Collections/Texts Perseus Catalog Research Grants Open Source About Help. Poetry: Cato appears as a character in Dante's Purgatorio. Cato stood in the way of Caesar’s ambitious agenda but couldn’t prevent his postconsulship appointment as a provincial governor. He filibustered for hours on end to prevent a vote on Caesar’s bid to attain Rome’s highest office, the consulship. While Cato himself became consul and even censor, he was a novus homo, “a new man,” the first of his family to achieve consular rank. On the condition that Marcia's father consented to the match, Cato agreed to divorce Marcia, who then married Hortensius. For the wife of Marphadates was named Psyche (soul). Caesar, after a delay in Egypt, pursued Cato and Metellus Scipio. In a playful mood, he asked the children's support for his cause. Congress had forbidden it, thinking its sad conclusion would dispirit the troops, but Washington knew that Cato’s resistance to tyranny would inspire them. Whilst it was not particularly safe to praise Cato, Augustus did tolerate and appreciate Cato. Cato refused because the potential match made little sense: Porcia was already married to Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus, who was unwilling to let her go; and Hortensius, being nearly 60 years old, was almost 30 years Porcia's senior. Cato the Younger Nov. 16, 2011 original A statue of Cato the Younger. Nathaniel Wolloch „ Cato the Younger in the Enlightenment 71 This was the applauded Exit of that Noble Roman, who is said with a superior and invincible Constancy to have eluded the Partiality of Fortune, and escap’d the Incursion upon the Liberty of his Country: It seems then, had he liv’d, his own had been lost, and his calling himself still Free, and Cæsar the Usurper, a Bond-man and Slave, were but mere Words; … Cato was born in 95 BC, the son of Marcus Porcius Cato and his wife, Livia. Translated by John Dryden The Comparison of Crassus with Nicias Some contemporaries and present-day historians believe that was, in fact, Caesar’s intent and would have been a politically smart thing to do. As a sign of strength and magnanimity, Caesar might have pardoned his old foe. ("Agamemnon", "Hom. In doing so they apply to him a type of cognomen that was normally awarded to generals who earned a triumph in a foreign war and brought a large territory under Roman influence (e.g., Scipio Africanus). As senator, Cato was scrupulous and determined. Nadig, Peter. Sulla's daughter Cornelia Sulla was married to the boys' uncle Mamercus Aemilius Lepidus Livianus. Plutarch, Cato the Younger Bernadotte Perrin, Ed. The tax contracts, the postwar plans for the East, the land reform, Caesar’s triumph (a costly public spectacle), Caesar’s bid for a strong consulship and a provincial command — Cato had not stood against them alone, but he was the common thread between each filibuster and each “no.”.
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